Chapter 4: Knowledge Discovery, Data Mining, and Practice-Based Evidence

Chapter 4: Knowledge Discovery, Data Mining, and Practice-Based Evidence

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which measure is most important for evaluating the performance of classifiers, models that predict class membership?

ANS:  B

The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is the most important overall measure of classifier performance.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remember            REF:   p. 62

2. Which specialized method(s) is (are) used in knowledge discovery and data mining?

ANS:  C

Knowledge discovery and data mining (KDDM) makes use of specialized analytic methods, characteristically machine learning, to identify patterns in a semi-automated fashion.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remember            REF:   p. 56

3. The process of knowledge discovery and data mining is best characterized as:

ANS:  A

Knowledge discovery and data mining (KDDM) is a process in which machine learning and statistical methods are applied to analyze large amounts of data.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remember            REF:   p. 56

4. Which characteristic is an advantage that practice-based evidence studies have over RCTs?

ANS:  C

Practice-based evidence (PBE) designs trade away the internal validity of RCTs for external validity. PBE designs have high external validity because they include virtually all patients with, or at risk for, the condition under study, as well as potential confounders that could alter treatment responses. PBE designs attempt to minimize threats to internal validity by trying to collect information on all patient variables – demographic, medical, nursing, functional, and socioeconomic – that might account for differences in outcome. By doing so, PBE designs minimize the need for compensating statistical techniques such as instrumental variables and propensity scoring to mitigate selection bias effects, unknown sources of variance, and threats to internal validity.

DIF:     Cognitive Level: Understand     REF:    pp. 62-6